Lubricating apparatus



Dec. 28 1926.

A. H. 'GUSSMAN LUBRICATING APPARATUS Filed July 9. 1925 /Iinnnnnlllll .11

IN VEN TOR.

NS ATTORNEYS.

Patented Dec. 28, 1926.

STATES AUGUST H. GUSSMAN, OF HACKENSACK, NEW JERSEY.

Luisniemand APPARATUS.

Application filed July 9, 1925.

Among the principal objects which the present invention has in view are: to lubricate the pistons and cylinders of an internal combustion engine during periods when the engine is operating slowly; to supplement the usual splash system' of lubricating internal combustion engine cylinders for lubricating the same during the periods of inactivity of saidsplash system and when the engine is running; to provide means Afor discontinuing the operation of said supplemental means as and when the speed of the engine is increased; and to simplify and cheapen the construction.

rEhe drawing' is a side elevation ot an engine of the character mentioned equipped with a lubricating system, constructed and arranged in accordance with the present invention, the view being shown partly in section for disclosing the interior construc- 'tions of parts thereof.

Descrip tion..

Referring to the drawing the pistons 5 and the cylinders 6 are of the usual automobile engine construction. The said cylinders are made in bloc-ks and the pistons are operatively connected with the cranks 7 of the shaft 8 by connecting rods 9. Each of the rods 9 are provided with splash buckets 10 which dip into the oil carried in the crank case 11 and in the course of operation of the crank with which it is connected, throw the contents of the bucket upward into the cylinder 6 just above and at the moment when the piston s in its eievated position. This construction is well known as the splash system for lubrication.

The system depends for casting the oil from the buckets 10, on the speed of the engine. It is obvious that it the engine is turning slowly there is not enough speed in the crank with which each of the connecting rods 9 are connected to throw the oil or other lubricant upward into the cylinder. Experience has shown that many cylinders of automobile engines become scored or carbouized by the heating during the period known as idling or when starting the engine by means of a self starter. lVhen an engine is stopped and permitted to cool, the lubricant on the walls of the cylinders is evaporated or burned by the residual heat in the cylinders, therefore, when the engine is started, the piston is compelled to move over a dried surface, which calls fer Serial No. 42,410.

greater outlay of power in the starting mechanism and endangers the walls of the cylinders ii' any burnt product has been lett in the combustion chamber thereof. To avoid this, l' have provided a supplemental oiiing system having an oil pump 12 which is connected with the lintake pipe 13 and the delivery pipe 14. The intake pipe 13 opens into the crank case 11 to take the oil therefrom for supplying the pump 12. A delivery pipe 1li is connected with the manitold 15 which has a series of spraying nozzles 16 by which the lubricant delivered by the pipe le and manifold 15 is squirted into the cylinders 6.

To operate the pump 12 at a high rate of speed when the engine is running slowly, the pump shaft 17 and the driving shaft 18 when operatively connected, are provided with and driven by a pinion 19, the teeth of which mesh with the toothed ring 2O on the fly-wheel 21 of the automobile. The difference in diameter between the pinion 19 and the ring 20 insures a relatively high rate of revolution of the propeller shaft 18.

The shaft 18 has mounted thereon a bevel gear wheel 23, the teeth of which are ineshed with the teeth of a corresponding bevel gear wheel 24. The wheel 2e is suitably mounted in a i'rame and disposed in perpendicular relation to the wheel 28. The center' of the hub of the wheel 24.- is perforated to pass a thrust rod 25 which is supported by the long arm ont a bell crank lever 26. The short arm 27 of the bell crank 26 is bifurcated with rounded heads to engage the end langes or' a thrust collar 28, permanently engaged therewith is a truncated clutch member 29.

The member 29, has corelationv with the member 30 which is mounted permanently on the propeller shaft 18.

Permanently mounted in an extension of the hub of the wheel 24 are bell crank levers 81, the ends of each 0i which rest above to engage. the thrust pin 25, whenever the bell cranks 3l are rocked by the centrifugal effect of the weighted balls 32.

The thrust rod 25 is de}1n'essed correspondingly moving` the lever 26 to rock the saine` on its pivot to remove the clutch member 29 from engagement with the clutch memberA 30. This condition continues while theI engine is ruiming above a predetermined speed. Vhen, however, the engine speed is reduced below such predetermined point, the weighted balls 32 lift the lever si from the rod 25 and permit the pull spring 22 to rock the lever 2li to re-engage the clutch member L) with the clutch member 30. .This arrangement immediately starts operating the pump in the oil chamber 12 with the result that spraying of the oil 'from the nozzles 1G resumed, with the result that with the diminution of the lubricating effect of the splash system the auxiliary or spraying ell'ect is augmented. 'In this manner the cylinders 6 are at all times lubricated.

lVhi-le l have herein described the lubricating apparatus as employing `an oil circulating pump andpiping therefor, it will beundersteod that other forms of power units may be employed such as for instance an air pump which would deliver air through the nozzles 16, said nozzles being disposed below the level of the oil in the crank case l1. Many well known power units could be used for spraying the oil against the wall of the cylinders, all or which I consider as coming within the scope of the present invention.

l= lubricating apparatus comprising van auxiliary power apparatus for spraying oil on the walls of the Cylinders or an internal combustion engine; and means for operatively connecting said apparatus and said engine when the latter is Operating below a predetermined speed, said means embodying a speed Vcontrolled clutch driven by said engine and adapted to operatively connect said engine and said power apparatus when said engi-ne is operating below a predetermined rate of speed.

2. iii-lubricating apparatus comprising a series et spray members, each ot which is .deposed below one of the cylinders oi a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine; an oil pump operatively connected withk the oil supply yof saidengine and with said spray members; anida. releasable connecting =mecl1 anism for operatively connecting said-spray members and pum-p when the Vruiming of said engine is below a certain predetermined point.

3. A lubricating apparatus comprising `a seriesy ol spraying members disposed in the crank casev of a Imulti-cylinder engine, one of said mem-bers being in line with. each of the cylinders of said engi-ne; a driving shaft operatively connectedfwith said-,pump and with the driving shaftof said engi-ne; a releasing mechanism'for releasing said pump from said 'driving shaft, said mechanism comprising 'a releasing clutch and acentriluge mechanism operatively connected with .sailddriving shalt,` said centrifuge mechanism being arranged. to f release said clutch when the speed of said drivmgvshalt is above a predetermined rate.

AUGUST H. GUSSMAN. 

